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MBA专业论文翻译片段
Abstract
A more market-oriented labor market has
emerged in China in the past 20yearswith
growing importance of the urban private
sector ，as state-owned enterpriseshave downsized.Despite
the progress on reforms ，a sizable surplus
of labor stillexists in the rural sector
and state owned enterprises.The main challenge
facing China's labor market in coming years
is to absorb the surplus labor into qualityjobs
while adjusting to WTO accession.This paper
estimates that if GDP growth averages7percent
and the employment elasticity is one-half
，urban unemployment could doubleover the
next three to four years to about 10percent.These
pressures would belimited by stronger economic
growth ，especially in the private sector
and morelabor intensive service industries
which have generated the most jobs in recentyears.Therefore，policy
should focus on encouraging private sector
development ，while reducing barriers to
labor mobility ，improving worker skills
，upgradingjob search services and strengthening
the social safety net.
Introduction
China's labor market has undergone significant
changes in the past 20years.A more market-oriented
labor market has emerged with growing importance
of the urbanprivate sector，as state-owned
enterprises（SOEs）have downsized.At the same
time，rural employment growth has slowed，and
migrants have sought jobs in the more dynamiccoastal
provinces.Despite the progress on reforms，a
sizable surplus of labor stillexists in
the rural sector（about 150million ）and SOEs（about
1011million）。
The main challenge facing China's labor
market in coming years is to absorbthe surplus
labor into quality jobs while adjusting
to WTO accession.This paperestimates that
if GDP growth averages 7percent and the
employment elasticity isone-half（in line
with historical experience），the unemployment
rate could nonethelessdouble over the next
three to four years to about 10percent，before
declining asSOE reform is completed.These
pressures would be limited by stronger economic
growth，especially in the private sector
and more labor-intensive service industries
whichhave generated the most jobs in recent
years.
The paper first discusses trends in the
Chinese labor market before outliningthe
progress on reforms.It then presents an
analysis of the medium term outlookfor employment
and unemployment ，and draws some policy
conclusions
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